I-Polyamide, ekwabizwa ngokuba yinayiloni, isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiintsinga zokwenziwa.Olona ncedo lwayo lubalaseleyo kukuba ukuxhathisa kwayo kukunxitywa kuphezulu kunayo yonke eminye imicu.Ukumelana kwayo nokunxiba kumaxesha angama-10 aphezulu kunomqhaphu kunye namaxesha angama-20 aphezulu kunoboya.Ukongeza ezinye iintsinga zepolyamide kwilaphu elidityanisiweyo kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuxhathisa ukunxiba.Xa ilaphu ye-polyamide yolulelwe kwi-3-6%, izinga layo lokubuyisela i-elastic lingafikelela kwi-100%.Inokumelana namashumi amawaka eenguqu ngaphandle kokwaphuka.Amandla efiber ye-polyamide ngamaxesha angama-1-2 aphezulu kunomqhaphu, amaxesha angama-4-5 aphezulu kunoboya kunye namaxesha ama-3 aphezulu kunefiber ye-viscose.Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokuchasa ukukhanya kwefiber ye-polyamide akubi, kwaye ukugcinwa akulunganga, ngoko ke iimpahla ezenziwe nge-polyamide fiber azikho crisp njenge-polyester.Ifayibha entsha ye-polyamide ineempawu zobunzima bokukhanya, ukumelana nokushwabana okugqwesileyo, ukunyanzeliswa komoya okulungileyo, ukuhlala ixesha elide, ukudaya kunye nokubeka ubushushu, ngoko ke kuthathwa ngokuba nethemba lophuhliso.
Ifayibha yePolyamide lolona didi lokuqala lwefayibha zokwenziwa kwimveliso yamashishini.yeyefayibha ye-aliphatic polyamide.Umsonto wenayiloni unesivuno esikhulu kunye nokusebenza okubanzi.Yeyona fiber iphambili yokwenziwa emva kwepolyester.Inayiloni ubukhulu becala yintsinga, inesixa esincinci sosinga olusisiseko senayiloni.Ifilament yenayiloni isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukwenza isilika eyomeleleyo, iikawusi, iimpahla zangaphantsi, iisweatshirts njalo njalo.Ifiber esisiseko yenayiloni idityaniswa ikakhulu nefayibha ye-viscose, umqhaphu, uboya kunye nezinye iintsinga zokwenziwa, kwaye zisetyenziswa njengelaphu lempahla.Inayiloni ingasetyenziswa njengentambo yamatayara, iparashuti, inethi yokuloba, intambo kunye nebhanti lokuhambisa kushishino.
Inayiloni yarnis igama lokurhweba le polyamide fiber.Ulwakhiwo olugxilileyo lwenayiloni lunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokwelula kunye nobushushu bonyango kwinkqubo yokusonta.Umsonto ophothiweyo wenayiloni ubukhulu becala ngumsonto, kwaye kukwakho nomthamo omncinci wosinga olusisiseko lwenayiloni.Umsonto ojijekileyo wenayiloni ulungele ukunithwa nokulukwa, ukugquma zonke iindawo ezilukiweyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zenayiloni (ukujijwa komsonto wenayiloni) zezi zilandelayo:
1. Ifomu
I-longitudinal plane ye-nylon iqondile kwaye igudile, kwaye icandelo layo elinqamlezayo lijikeleza.Inayiloni ayinyangeki ngealkali kwaye iyaxhathisa iasidi.Kwi-asidi ye-inorganic, i-amide bond kwi-nylon macromolecule iya kuphuka.
2. Hygroscopicity kunye neDyeability
I-hygroscopicity ye-nylon yarnis ngcono phakathi kweentsinga zokwenziwa eziqhelekileyo.Ngaphantsi kweemeko zomoya jikelele, ukufuma kwakhona kokufuma malunga ne-4.5%.Ukongeza, ukudaywa kweeyarns zenayiloni nako kulungile.Iyakwazi ukudaywa ngeedayi ze-asidi, ukusabalalisa idayi kunye nezinye iidayi.
3. Ubude obuqinileyo kunye nokuNxitywa kweNgqondo
Inayiloni yarnhas amandla aphezulu, ubude obukhulu kunye nokunwebeka okugqwesileyo.Amandla ayo okuqhawula malunga nama-42 ~ 56 cn/tex, kwaye ubude bayo ngexesha lekhefu bufikelela kuma-25% ~ 65%.Ke ngoko, inayiloni inokumelana nokunxiba okugqwesileyo kunye nenqanaba lokuqala phakathi kwemicu yelaphu eqhelekileyo.Yimathiriyeli efanelekileyo yokwenza iimveliso zokunxiba.Nangona kunjalo, imodyuli yokuqala yenayiloni incinci, kwaye kulula ukuyiphazamisa, ngoko ke ilaphu layo aliqini.
4. Ukuchasana nokuKhanya kunye nokuBuyisa ubushushu
Ngenxa yokuba amaqela esiphelo seemacromolecules zenayiloni zinovelwano kukukhanya nobushushu, inayiloni yarnis kulula ukuba ibetyheli kwaye ibemnkum.Ke ngoko, inayiloni yarnhas ukuchasa ukukhanya kakubi kunye nokumelana nobushushu, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukwenza amalaphu angaphandle.Ukongeza, inayiloni iyamelana nomhlwa, ngoko inokuthintela ukungunda kunye nezinambuzane.
Inayiloni yarncan igcina deformation ukugoba xa ishushu.Umcu unokwenziwa ube ngumsonto olastiki, kwaye i-staple fiber inokudityaniswa nomqhaphu kunye ne-acrylic fiber ukuphucula amandla kunye nokunwebeka.Ukongeza kwisicelo kwimpahla yangaphantsi kunye nemihlobiso, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini afana neentambo, amabhanti okuhambisa, i-hoses, iintambo, iintambo zokuloba, amathayi, iiparashute njalo njalo.Ukumelana kwayo nokunxiba ngamaxesha e-10 ye-cotton fiber, amaxesha angama-10 eyomileyo ye-viscose fiber kunye namaxesha angama-140 e-fiber emanzi.Inokuqina okubalaseleyo.
I-hygroscopicity yelaphu le-nayiloni yelaphu ingcono phakathi kwamalaphu e-synthetic fiber, ngoko ke impahla eyenziwe ngelaphu le-nylon yalaphu ikhululekile ngakumbi ukunxiba kunempahla yepolyester.Inenundu elungileyo kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.Ubushushu boku-ayina kufuneka bulawuleke ngaphantsi kwe-140 degrees celcius.Nika ingqalelo kwiimeko zokuhlamba kunye nokugcinwa ngexesha lokugqoka kunye nokusebenzisa, ukuze ungonakalisi ilaphu.Kwiilaphu zefiber zokwenziwa, zisemva kwepolypropylene kunye nelaphu le-acrylic.
Amalaphu efibre yenayiloni anokohlulwa abe ngamacandelo amathathu: amalaphu asontayo acocekileyo, adityanisiweyo kunye naphothiweyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kudidi ngalunye, eziziswe ngokufutshane apha ngezantsi:
1. I-Nylon Textile ecocekileyo
Zonke iintlobo zeelaphu ezenziwe ngenayiloni, ezifana ne-nayiloni taffeta, i-nylon crepe, njl., zenziwe nge-nylon filament, ngoko ke zineempawu zokuvakalelwa kwezandla ezigudileyo, ukuqina, ukuqina kunye nexabiso eliphakathi.Bakwanazo nezingeloncedo zokuba amalaphu ashwabene kulula kwaye kunzima ukuwabuyisela.I-nayiloni taffeta isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimpahla ezilula, ibhatyi ephantsi okanye ilaphu le-raincoat, ngelixa i-nylon crepe ifanelekile kwiilokhwe zasehlotyeni, iihempe ezineenjongo ezimbini zasentwasahlobo kunye nekwindla, njl.
2. Iilaphu eziDityanisiweyo zeNayiloni kunye neziLukiweyo
Ilaphu elifunyenwe ngokudityaniswa okanye ukuluka intambo yenylon okanye ifayibha eyistaple enezinye iintsinga ineempawu kunye neenzuzo zosinga ngalunye.Enje nge-viscose/nylon gabardine, eyenziwe ngokudityaniswa kwe-15% yenayiloni kunye ne-85% ye-viscose, ineempawu zokuxinana kwe-warp kabini kunoxinano lwe-weft, ukuthungwa okukhulu, ukubambelela kunye nokuqina.Izinto ezingeloncedo kukunwebeka okulambathayo, kulula ukushwabana, ukomelela okusezantsi okumanzi kwaye kulula ukuhexa xa inxitywa.Ukongeza, kukho amalaphu aqhelekileyo, afana ne-viscose/nylon valine kunye ne-viscose/nylon/wool tweed.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-21-2022